Sept 28 (Sa), 2013 Crystal's serendipitous learning-teaching-sharing (#12) My fb posts.

Sept 27  (F)  fb posts:

Crystal Huang shared The Other 98%'s photo.
September 27

Some people say "no work, no pay"...



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Sadguna Anasuri, Dawn E Comer and 2 others like this.

Crystal Huang Emulate teachers who teach 9 months (like pregnancy - indeed !?) and get 9 months' pay. (Note- Many instructors choose to spread 9 months' pay into 12 months' paychecks which tend to be misunderstood that they could "enjoy 3 months'" summer vacations and get paid".) In fact, they just make happiness happening during the 3 months' Unemployment )!
2 hours ago · Edited · Like · 1

Crystal Huang I am so hungry- please cut the pizza into 12 pieces instead of 9 !
September 27 at 11:59pm · Edited · Like · 3

Dawn E Comer I think we should cut His Pay.
Yesterday at 10:23am · Unlike · 2

Lisa Barton Urbanski scumbag for sure
Yesterday at 2:24pm · Unlike · 1
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Crystal Huang
September 27

Mutton and other meat lovers, please don't feel offended.
Yes, customers can choose any one of them and ask a live-slaughter for a fresh taste...


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Renee Smith
Yesterday at 6:42am via mobile · Unlike · 1

Dawn E Comer This make me sad, and I grew up on a farm. But are animal had space to roam, and lots of love, and we new that little boys became dinner. but we loved them intil. We Never did that to are animals.
Yesterday at 10:19am · Unlike · 1

Crystal Huang @ Dawn, great! I also discussed with a carnivorous friend who insisted that as long as the meat on his plate having or enjoying a free, well-treated, and respected life, he could consume it properly. Then i did pose an economic-moral dilemma - according to some data, a free- range/pastured hamburg will cost $15 and a factory manufactured one, costs $4 - which one you choose?? How many, how long?

Well, life is so complicated with too many choices and hard to make a choice!!

Yesterday at 12:43pm · Edited · Like · 1

William Jennings free range or a despicable feed lot it does not matter, can any way of killing a living creature be humane? There are times when killing for survival may be tolerated or justified maybe, but just for a choice? when it is not necessary to attain all the nutrition I need without causing the death of an animal I will choose not to kill. that is my Ideal but I have been known to be a hypocrite on a few occassions . Fewer as I get older I am happy to say.

Yesterday at 9:15pm · Edited · Unlike · 2

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Crystal Huang shared a link.
10 hours ago

Alert!!!!! The footage shows one SQM worker jabbing pigs with electric prongs, which are normally used to stun the animals with an electrical current prior to slitting their throats.

But something so terribly wrong was the EXTRA HORRIFIC...See More

Ask MS Schools to Stop Funding Pigs' Illegal Suffering
t.co
Video shows pigs being jabbed before being stunned for slaughter at a Mississippi schools supplier. Help end the suffering--and the use of tax dollars to support it!
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Crystal Huang What terribly wrong was the EXTRA HORRIFIC JOB captured by a video that the worker jabbed and pronged on a "mother pig's lower abdomen and/or genitals" for no apparent reason before other alive pigs. The worse and inhumane, illegal treatments, please read the above short article and what you can do to stop the inhumane suffering.
2 hours ago · Edited · Like

Crystal Huang Children shall not consume meat/sausage made of fear, pain, agony, and suffering from illegal brutality - funded by public money (to this Sausage Provider company).

Help stop this! ( I am unable to click the above video - be aware!!)
10 hours ago · Like

Jackie Krings Omg thats so sad! Inhumane!
8 hours ago via mobile · Unlike · 2

Crystal Huang Hi, Jackie, glad to read your response. Most people don't feel comfortable to browse this type of posts, not to mention- respond. Even so, I still need to post.
2 hours ago · Like · 2

Sept 28 (Sa) 2013 From "Happy Teachers' Day-教師節快樂" to the Oldest Bureaucratic System (官僚系統)- thinking of Confucius (孔子)... My sharing on fb.

Sept 28 (Sa) 2013 my fb post:
Crystal Huang
Yesterday

Happy birthday to Confucius -孔子 (September 28, 550 B.C.)!
Happy Teachers' Day !!

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郭墉, Johnson Lin, Shu-ping Chen and 33 others like this.

Crystal Huang The annual Ba Yi Ceremony (八佾舞)- a complex type of Ceremonial Dance based on Confucius' ethics/philosophy, passed down for many centuries to celebrate the birthday of the very first teacher in Far-Eastern Asia.
2 hours ago · Edited · Like · 2

Bev Slattery Hartford Sharing!
Yesterday at 4:53am · Unlike · 1

Steve Chen 好玩就好!別把孔丘當神祇拜
Yesterday at 6:44am · Unlike · 1

Kristy Huang 教師節快樂!
Yesterday at 9:00am · Unlike · 1

Dawn E Comer I Have a Friend Leaving for Beijing on Monday, He is going to be teaching there.
Yesterday at 10:11am · Unlike · 1

Crystal Huang @ my dearest classmate Steve Chen (at NTU), glad you mentioned that, because I tried not to get into the ideological things on this Holiday!! We need to be Happy and Celebratory once in a while. Since you mentioned "Just for Celebratory fun, but don't get into 'The Land of Idols"..." - all ready, let's tap a little bit of the iceberg!! Have fun :)!

In fact, my mother (she never got a chance to attend the elementary school, like the majority of women suffered during her time in the 1930s) treated him like an ethical god and asked us children to respect and worship him (- you know the popular yet respectful false consciousness), just like most of the Far-easterners do ! She had no clue of the feudal/monarchical society' conservative values to benefit the privileged few who dominated the Nations, not just Taiwan, China ( in fact, had an iconoclasm targeting on him as a token during the Cultural Revolution in 1966-76 and does not observe the September 28th) and part of Japan, Korea and Southeast Asian regions for thousands of years!

The reason I posted this was, mainly, from the Pedagogical perspective. Confucius was/is a super wise teacher mastering in Educational Psychology. He did develop excellent " lesson plans" and "teaching strategies". As a teacher myself, it is interesting to investigate his teaching philosophy, style and effectiveness, and then I found several perspectives that you might have known. Here is a brief of the reminiscence:

1. His class size was very small. Every student was showered with the teacher's care and attention. Sometimes, it could be as small as 3 (including the teacher. Proof, according to 論語, if true...- 顏淵季路伺. 盍各言爾志? ) :D!

We, The Population - Quality, not Quantity !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

2. Most of his students had high IQ and EQ (except one who was known for his stubbornness - I think it was 季路?), self-motivated, self-disciplined, and goal-oriented, and many of them came from aristocratic or powerful families (similar to Socrates’ or Plato's). Among his students, 72 of them were renowned political figures or socio-economic successful men, such as, the famous one - 子貢. (成德達才者七十二). Is HIGHER education a luxury - for the few, by the few, and of the few? You tell me!

3. He was erudite (刪詩書制禮樂贊周易修春秋...and so on) and man of ability (吾少而健, 固能多畢事), yet conservative, who enjoyed history a lot (信而好古). Inquisitive and imaginative mind teasing (不知生, 焉知死) was not a priority of his teaching (you need to put yourself into his timeframe and socio-cultural background). There was no haranguing lectures, or time-wasting projects- not the Deweyan style of learning by doing hands-on approach, but learning by stimulating moral/ethical communications or dialogue - the Socratesian’s mind-on methods.

4. Tuition was paid by students' financial capacity (自備束脩而誨). He truly propounded equal educational opportunities for the diverse population, while what happened was that 99%-ish of his students were rich and powerful. He really cared about a couple of excellent yet born poor students (such as 顏淵, died quite young - indeed, there was a strong correlation between social class and the life expectancy). Education, from his mind, was to plant the acorns. Many decades later, you will be shaded under the handsome Oak trees -a long term investment on morality (倫常) as the base of human capitals. Later, it developed into this cliche - 十年樹木, 百年樹人. Since talking about 樹木樹人 things, might as well share a side bar/anecdote : an inquisitive student asked a question - "Why do you teach in U.S.?" I scratched my head; indeed why I end up teaching here. Ohhh, yes, got to be some good excuses for me to get by ! I answered, "Some lands are good for planting Apple seeds, while others, Pineapples'." In fact, 小的我, 實在不夠格, 沒法度在本國樹人(卻配當個女丘八), 只得退而求其次 ,就像宿命的媽媽的嘆息 (苛政猛於虎??)- "你認命哦",
去去(為淵驅餘??), 去國為他人作嫁衣裳 (枳遇淮兒化微橘??)... 一把薪酸累, 啼嘯皆詼...

5. There was no teaching evaluation or complex formative or summative assessments on students' learning outcomes, because, you know, every student's thinking and behaving was in the gradebook embedded in his brain, heart, and mind. Obviously, there was no distance education available - all Face To Face, no blended/hybrid or MOOCs, without all sorts of fancy, expensive, made for obsolete edu-capitalistic gadgets and gears, plus 7/24 students-the instructor-contents intense interactive pedagogy. Again, Class size - matters, though expensive nowadays!!!! (學而不厭, 誨人不倦, 如撞鐘, 如攻堅木).

6. He took students to political-field trips quite often in a frugal way. (週遊劣國, and once 困於陳蔡).

7. He was not required to do research or intimidated by the publish or perish artificial pressure. It was natural, not manufactured! (述而不作).

8. He did not use lecture notes. Surely, students did not have to purchase the expensive textbooks. Fortunately , later on, students compiled his teaching into several world renowned books (such as 賜書) - not for sale, but to pass on the ethical values to model wholesome moral beings in the functional societies torn by the brutal wars - not the notion of modern day's mind-soul emancipation. (again, 述而不作 but 刪制六藝).

9. His ethic theory later, was orchestrated by the ruling elites as the dominant ideology collaborating well with the feudal/agrarian society. Since then, the society was highly stratified, but not so extreme as India's Caste system.(罷畜百家, 獨遵孺術, 錢制思想).

10..... I might want to add a post-modern pedagogy that he was super good at - serendipitous teaching and sharing... will be continued later :)! - work in progress! Stay tuned.

In short, he is a great teacher and helped stabilize societies operated by the ruling class' necessity.- could be my personal bias, be aware !

One more observation- seemingly a wise teacher tends not to be "a smart politician" (so as Socrates??) from Confucius' personal experience transiting between the educational setting and the officialdom.

- 學而優則仕, 仕而優則貪, 官大學問大, 學-產-官 兩棲 三棲 的 鈔/抄/超/操人, 這兒比較少見 ! A friend asked me to explain the above sentences.

Here you are: In the traditional society, it might not be severely stratified as aforementioned India's caste system. Mainly, the mass could change life destiny/social mobility via the academic success through the throat-cutting National Entrance Examination. This extremely selective system scrutinized the cream of the crop to serve to various levels of government bureaucracy and sometimes, infusing new blood into the royal family, such as a successful examinee from a low social class marrying the daughters of the aristocrats.

Note - Marriage was one of the main mechanisms that Caste system (so as other feudal societies) survived thousands of years- reinforcing the endogamy- only marrying within the same caste (homogamy). The inter-caste marriage was banned. The other one was controlling the occupational capitals- the son had to carry on his father's job title (if he had a job!), such as if one was born into an untouchable caste or sub-caste, for thousands of years, they stayed put, for the only job choice a son could possess was to take on what his father did. In the close society, upward social mobility was a detriment if not a threat to the status quo.

This type of slim opportunity consumed the tremendous energy and endeavors of males who were encouraged to be ambitious to pursue their career success via being a bureaucrat which was the most important access to prestige, status, power, and then wealth would follow.

For, with power, the bureaucrat possessed avenues to interlock with academic institutions, business-complex and the rest of opportunities for the upward social-mobility and accumulating the generational cultural capitals. In many cases, the small scale of the absolute power created absolute corruption happening among different levels of the social institutions. This system also functioned as a mechanism to stabilize society and maintain status quo for more than two thousand years.

One of the latent functions was that it might have caused delaying the division of labor and limiting the diversity of job creations and availability for the upward social mobility during many dark centuries.

Here is a well-known saying to depict the tip of the iceberg in this challenging, yet rewarding journey: "書中自有黃金屋, 書中自有千鍾粟, 十年寒窗無人問, 一舉成名天下知".

Literally, they were powerful and extrinsic motivations for males to concentrate on austere studies to be successful via the bureaucratic system: "There are golden mansions in the textbooks; there are abundances to fill your life with all your needs in the learning materials", and "Stay put for a straight 10 years of studying hard, and you would be rewarded with the great fame and success" - Not exactly like the American Idols, though ! 9 minutes ago · Edited · Like
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Crystal Huang   An anecdote- whenever the throat-cutting National Entrance Examination (still, one of the most fanatic social events in the Far-Eastern countries) happening several decades ago in Taiwan (since I have many siblings), my mother would take us to temples, piously, earnestly asking Confucius' blessing, since us siblings had no chance to get the expensive cramming schools' reinforcement, praying and worshiping were doable and affordable- in order to achieve into top high schools and universities - to Steve Chen, unfortunately !

Ohhh, "Die Religion ... ist das Opium des Volkes"! Yesterday at 2:21pm · Edited · Like

Sept 27 (Friday), 2013 Crystal's serendipitous learning-teaching-sharing (#11)

Sept 27 (Friday) my sharing on fb.

Crystal Huang
2 hours ago

BreakingNews!!!!
After the long 21 hours of filibuster of the rep. freshman Senator Cruz, the Senate voted 54-44 to amend the House's spending bill by stripping out language defunding Obamacare. The bill now funds the government at a $986 billion annual level through Nov. 15. The Senate will now vote on final passage of the bill.
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Nancy Yost, Cheryl Chiang Catalano, Dawn E Comer and 2 others like this.
Crystal Huang Some get mad, while some are happy... Where do I stand - cannot tell at this moment!
2 hours ago · Edited · Like

Crystal Huang 98 voted, 2 abstained. What about the 60?
2 hours ago · Edited · Like


William Jennings Not a filibuster a rant, a loooooooooooong rant.
2 hours ago · Like

Crystal Huang A follow-up: the two absentees are : Republican senators, Jeff Flake (Ariz.) and Orrin G. Hatch (Utah) - Interesting!!

A short while ago, Senators began holding a series of votes starting after midday to move the bill forward. The first was when they voted 79 to 19 to invoke cloture on the House-passed bill, formally ending debate on it. The cloture motion required 60 votes for passage.

The Senate later, voted 54 to 44, as it just happened, to restore funding for the health-care law. Minutes later, the body approved the overall bill by the same numbers.

Do you support Parties, Government, or We, the People (Apparently, they are becoming 3 Estates ?) The strikingly obvious straight party-line votes that again show the opposite "philosophy" among them (3 Estates) regarding how to handle the taxpayers' hard earned money.

All members of the Senate Democratic caucus voted to restore the funding and to pass the bill, while all Republicans present voted no. Can you believe it - so CLEAR-CUT!!!
about an hour ago · Edited · Like · 1

Crystal Huang Some are mad, and some are happy...In fact, be honest- where do I stand? - cannot tell at this moment!
about an hour ago · Edited · Like

Crystal Huang
An anecdote to embellish the above episode: 5 years after I left my native Country for US to study social-psychology (via a national scholarship), Taiwan passed and instituted the National Health Insurance (a type of Universal Health Care Law) in 1995. That was the MOOOOOST shocking and wonderful event which I could imagine in my life time. Why, when I was young, the most horrible nightmare to me a a child was to see my parents getting ill. There was no way to save their lives without joining Military (Political Warfare Academy - a branch of military) to obtain limited health care available to my parents. That's one of the main reasons I spent 7 years in the Military and retired as a captain with physically being  intact (no lost limbs) and physiologically quite sound (no PTSDs - lucky me :)! ).

Hope most of us don't have to make a life choice based on some people's enjoying the best and most medical resources and living happy forever, while others need to pray for gods' Mercy to be strong and tough without the access to the medical help. There is a will, there always is a way !
53 minutes ago · Edited · Like

Crystal Huang Aren't education and health care the 2 basic human rights/bases for building a healthy and strong nation? Or they have to be SOLD as the high priced commodities to feed the so-called free-market capitalism?

• September 27 at 4:54pm · Edited · Like
  
  
  William Jennings apparently it is the later
  September 27 at 9:55pm · Unlike · 1
  
  Flint Thompson Your parents should have some role in helping with education and healthcare - at least for children - they have some responsibility in this correct?
  Yesterday at 6:02am · Unlike · 1
  
  Crystal Huang @dear colleague econ professor Flint, it might sound funny, but there could be a triple gap to share this type of anecdotes - geographical, chronicle, and socio-cultural lags. It is like talking about the 18th century stories in the 21st century timeframe. And how amazing the exponentially developing in Far-eastern regions has been, after the 1st and 2nd waves of "Globalization" sweeping through and onto, such as the 4 dragons/tigers during last four decades. Currently, Taiwan has been enjoying the last stage of Rostow's econ-stage of growth model : high consumption!! For better or worse - who knows ? Children are no more assets, but liabilities ??
  Yesterday at 12:49pm · Edited · Like

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Crystal Huang
Yesterday

A couple weeks ago in my Contemporary American Society class I redneckingly joked about " I love football soooo much..... so it has to be ---- banned/refrained" ! One of the main reasons is that -
Within a month, 2 deaths in a row of the prep football players - Damon Janes, who was 16, died 3 days later after a helmet-to-helmet hit on September 13, 2013.
The other player - Creekside High star DeAntre "Tre Tre" Turman died after suffering a broken neck during a scrimmage in August. Since these two events have not associated with bigmoney as NFL's, I decided to post.
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郭墉, Hen-Kuan Chen and 蔡文景 like this.

Crystal Huang http://sports.yahoo.com/...



New York prep football team cancels season following in-game death of Damon Janes
sports.yahoo.com
Following the death of junior Damon Janes resulting from a helmet-to-helmet hit ...See More
Yesterday at 12:22am · Like · 2 · Remove Preview

Crystal Huang I truly express my condolence to these 2 families... Don't tell me they are "independent events"! A son is a son of a family, and a tragedy is a real and sad tragedy - to the individuals and most importantly - to the society as a whole!!!
Wasn't the gladiatorial entertaining a tip of the iceberg associating with the declining of the Roman Empire? If I had a son, the first of the 10 sport commandments (you know I play many kinds of sport!) will be - Thou shall not touch/fumble with football, no matter which social class you are born into !- yep, sport just like, military recruitment, is highly social-classed!!!) Go to your study room to kiss the beloved bookworms ! Football dads and moms, please don't feel offended ! I know where you come from ! and the whole NFL enterprise, please don't hate my innocence.
Yesterday at 5:14pm · Edited · Like · 6

William Jennings I have a hard time putting into words my absolute disdain for football and for my own sake I'll refrain from writing what I feel towards the fans.
Yesterday at 12:16pm · Unlike · 1

Crystal Huang @ William, In fact, I guiltily indulge in watching football a lot ! I love many types of sport, and had been athletic when young. As long as they are not too much inundated by the Capitalistic invasions, or impose suffering onto other beings (such as Bull Fighting, Can Hunting, Dog-fighting... what sorts of sport are they??), sport is nice to have.
5 hours ago · Edited · Like

William Jennings @ Ms Huang, respectfully, I have seen too many older adults that suffer greatly from old football injuries knees elbows neck and back etc.,. These injuries often don't show back up until later in life, those old injuries are a foothold for inflammation leading to arthritis and other illness. Physical activity is a good thing no doubt and friendly competition is always fun to engage in, but to strive to play a "sport" that the goal is to stop physically at all cost your opponent with so many adverse injuries...teach that to our young... well, I am not a fan. Those that do achieve success in the professional field where praise,money and adulation is heaped by a group that collectively show more compassion to their team than they do to those suffering from all sorts of maladies, hunger, thirst, disease, war, to name a few, nope not for me. Maybe if all the energy and cost, including the collateral injuries to young people, were given to the betterment of humanity instead of which wealthy Individual or groups could put together a winning Super Bowl team...nope, still wouldn't be a fan.
4 hours ago · Unlike · 1

Crystal Huang Dear William, powerfully - well-said ! Which president said something like - every business here is -Business?? Pursuing profits has been the die-hard Categorical Imperative! Good for the top 1 to 5% (both genetically endowed and cultural-capitally given) at the cost of the rest of 95 to 99 %!
4 hours ago · Edited · Like · 1

William Jennings "The business of America is business." John Calvin Coolidge (1923–1929)?
4 hours ago · Unlike · 1

Crystal Huang Thank, yes, President Coolidge.

4 hours ago · Edited · Like · 2

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September 25
Sometimes I discuss the disease of “Execusitus” with students at the beginning of the semester.
Tonight I made one for myself to communicate with my committee why the dissertation progress has been so meandering – teaching 18 to 21 credits per semester (36 to 42 per academic year) with community services, plus other family things can be cumbersome to a no-life person when her school is not the online type and is located in another state…

Decide to simplify my life – get job done, since almost the accumulated $48,000 tuition (investment?) needs to be paid off, plus $1326 per credit dissertation ( 24 credits are required).

Luckily enough I have a job to release some debt. Truly sympathize people who are in the worst conditions… (Steve spent 10 years via teaching Math to pay off his 3 student loans).

I read a short article asking a smart question-"How, you people, who are not stupid, can be so poor ? !" !
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Flint Thompson Education has become so expensive! It pays off for most - I feel very fortunate to have received a graduate school assistantship - my tuition was waived and they paid me $500 a month to get my Masters degree! Thanks citizens of North Dakota - forever grateful!
Yesterday at 5:28am · Unlike · 2

Renee Smith A good investment, yet one must be very committed ! Only a handful of people can overcome the obstacles !
Yesterday at 7:13am via mobile · Unlike · 1

Crystal Huang Good morning my dear colleague Econ professor Flint: It is nice to have ships. Most schools do not provide part-time students who take 2 or 3 credits (and have to pay the Very Expensive Per Credit rate and all other school facility cost and fees you never use them!!!) at a time with a TA or RA ship. My school is located in another state and I teach in Wisconsin (only commuting to take a course is like plunging into a war zone- sounds, exaggerated !???? and this degree is about "Learning Technologies - the previous Instructional system and Technologies" !!!!!!!!!!) - How wonderful if I could split into pieces to teach 18-21 credits a semester and to be a full time student, and take care many house chores...and so on simultaneously to enjoy a TA or RA... In fact, one of my Master degrees (Art) was supported by a TAship, when I was a full time student and I did not have a "real" job at that time, and one (Sociology-social psychology) was via a national scholarship from Taiwan, otherwise, I had no way to study in US, and one (sociol-political science) was completed from my saving account when serving in the military. My experience in Minnesota has been a long story...
4 hours ago · Edited · Like

Flint Thompson I honestly don't know how you do it all Crystal!! You are putting a ton of pressure on yourself. I was a full time student when I had my grad assistantship - my wife worked as an RN in Fargo and I had no children at the time. To try it with all your obligations is incredible and I admire you!!!
Yesterday at 8:48am · Unlike · 3

Sept 21 (Sa) 2013 A Dogie Kiss !

092113 (Sa) fb sharing

Crystal Huang shared Breathing for Peace's photo.

Yesterday

I love this adorable baby and the parents who raise her/him ♥!

"If we are to teach real peace in this world, we shall have to begin with the children." Mahatma Gandhi
















May there be peace on earth and may it start with me taking 3 breaths 3 x daily inhaling peace . exhaling peace to all beings everywhere. If you approve our idea and agree to help us to reach one million peace ambassadors, press LiKe on the top of our page: Breathing for Peace

https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?v=632973423402993&set=vb.148326861867654&type=2&theater


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Roger Ov, Caroline Janssen, Diane Zollars and 15 others like this.

Crystal Huang I deeply respect parents who thoughtfully bring/raise precious babies to this world to fulfill an ultimate mission of the mankind - to be the voice of the voiceless: a better world for all sentient beings ! Just added, for examples, Dr. Curt Bonk, Professor Jim and Pat Eggert, Dr. Michael Parenti, and many others... = great parent(s) !

18 hours ago · Edited · Like · 2

William Jennings A lofty goal Indeed.
Yesterday at 1:51am · Unlike · 1

Crystal Huang @William, aren't there main purposes of
what the parents are designed and strive for-when "conditions" are well matched !??
6 hours ago · Edited · Like

William Jennings
Ms Huang, Often times the conditions are not at all "perfect" for couples having children and for many reasons the parents can or will not live together, BUT, that does not diminish either persons responsibility towards the children. it is possible to adequately provide the needs of the children while maintaining two separate life choices. Society can play a better role in child development also. We as a world have a ways to go but your goal a better world for all sentient beings is a great one . Taking care of all our children, to me , is the best place to begin . To recognize other species as sentient beings that deserve our respect and appreciation will have to be included for a better world for sure.
17 hours ago · Unlike · 117 hours ago · Unlike · 1

Crystal Huang Dear William, indeed, it takes the whole culture/society to raise a child - only parents who just bear more.
17 hours ago · Edited · Like · 1